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Risk factors for erysipelas of the leg (cellulitis): case-control study
A Dupuy1, H Benchikhi, J C Roujeau
1Dermatology Department, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France.
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)
|June 11, 1999
Summary
Disrupted skin barriers, like toe-web intertrigo, and lymphoedema are key risk factors for leg erysipelas (cellulitis). Early detection and treatment of toe-web intertrigo may aid in preventing this common leg infection.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Erysipelas, a superficial form of cellulitis, commonly affects the lower extremities.
- Identifying risk factors is crucial for effective prevention and management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and identify independent risk factors associated with the development of leg erysipelas.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted across 7 hospital centers in France.
- 167 patients hospitalized for leg erysipelas and 294 controls were included in the analysis.
Main Results:
- Cutaneous barrier disruption (e.g., leg ulcers, toe-web intertrigo) was strongly associated with erysipelas (OR 23.8).
- Lymphedema (OR 71.2), venous insufficiency, leg edema, and being overweight were also significant risk factors.
- No association was found with diabetes, alcohol, or smoking. Toe-web intertrigo had a 61% population attributable risk.
Conclusions:
- Local factors, particularly skin barrier defects and lymphedema, play a significant role in leg erysipelas.
- Public health initiatives should consider screening and treating toe-web intertrigo for secondary prevention of leg erysipelas.