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Related Concept Videos

General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

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Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
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Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned under...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques01:30

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Airway management is essential in emergency and surgical medicine, ensuring ventilation and oxygenation in patients who cannot maintain their own airway. Clinicians use a range of techniques and devices to secure the airway, depending on the patient’s condition and the clinical context. Key methods include endotracheal intubation, rapid sequence intubation (RSI), supraglottic airway devices, and advanced visualization aids. In cases where these approaches fail, surgical airway interventions are...

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In Vitro Method to Control Concentrations of Halogenated Gases in Cultured Alveolar Epithelial Cells
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Conditions for laryngeal mask insertion. A comparison of propofol versus sevoflurane with or without alfentanil.

P Sivalingam1, R Kandasamy, G Madhavan

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia, National University Hospital, Singapore.

Anaesthesia
|June 12, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The sevoflurane-alfentanil combination offers superior conditions for laryngeal mask insertion compared to sevoflurane alone or propofol-alfentanil. This finding is crucial for optimizing airway management during anesthesia.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Airway Management

Background:

  • Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion requires optimal conditions for patient safety and successful anesthesia.
  • Evaluating different anesthetic induction agents and combinations is essential for improving airway management techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of sevoflurane-alfentanil, propofol-alfentanil, propofol alone, and sevoflurane alone for laryngeal mask insertion.
  • To assess the quality of conditions for laryngeal mask insertion across different anesthetic induction protocols.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, randomized parallel groups study involving 100 patients.
  • Four induction groups: propofol, sevoflurane, sevoflurane-alfentanil, and propofol-alfentanil.
  • Laryngeal mask insertion conditions assessed using a three-point scale based on six variables.

Main Results:

  • Excellent or satisfactory conditions for LMA insertion were achieved in 100% of patients in the sevoflurane-alfentanil group.
  • The propofol-alfentanil group showed 88% satisfactory conditions, while propofol and sevoflurane groups had 64% each.
  • A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed in the quality of insertion conditions among the groups.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of sevoflurane and alfentanil provides superior conditions for laryngeal mask insertion.
  • This combination may be advantageous for optimizing airway management in elective surgery patients.
  • Further research could explore long-term outcomes and patient satisfaction with this anesthetic approach.