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Characterisation of a recent virulent transmissible gastroenteritis virus from Britain with a deleted ORF 3a.

A McGoldrick1, J P Lowings, D J Paton

  • 1Virology Department, Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, U.K.

Archives of Virology
|June 12, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) virulence is linked to spike and ORF 3 genes. A recent TGEV isolate with a deleted ORF 3a suggests this gene is not essential for enteric virulence.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) are swine coronaviruses.
  • Tropism and pathogenicity are influenced by spike protein and ORF 3 gene.
  • Enteric TGEV typically have intact spike and ORF 3 genes, while respiratory PRCV have deletions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ORF 3a in the enteric virulence of TGEV.
  • To analyze the genetic characteristics of a virulent TGEV isolate.

Main Methods:

  • Sequence analysis of a virulent TGEV isolate.
  • Comparison of genetic features with known TGEV and PRCV strains.

Main Results:

  • A virulent TGEV isolate was identified with an intact spike gene.
  • This isolate possessed a large deletion in the ORF 3a gene.
  • The presence of an intact spike gene and a deleted ORF 3a did not preclude enteric virulence.

Conclusions:

  • The ORF 3a gene is not essential for the enteric virulence of TGEV.
  • Virulence in TGEV may be mediated by factors other than a functional ORF 3a.