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Related Experiment Videos

The age and evolution of non-LTR retrotransposable elements.

H S Malik1, W D Burke, T H Eickbush

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Rochester, New York 14627, USA.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|June 16, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Non-long-terminal-repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposons are ancient genetic elements, dating back to eukaryotes. Phylogenetic analysis reveals their evolutionary history and domain acquisition, with no evidence of horizontal transmission.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Non-long-terminal-repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposons are mobile genetic elements.
  • Understanding their evolutionary history is crucial for comprehending genome dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of non-LTR retrotransposons.
  • To trace the evolutionary timeline and domain acquisition of non-LTR elements.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis using an extended sequence alignment of the reverse transcriptase (RT) domain.
  • Comparison with vertical inheritance rates of R1 and R2 elements in arthropods.

Main Results:

  • Identified 11 distinct clades of non-LTR elements.

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  • Found no evidence for horizontal transmission, suggesting vertical descent.
  • Dated non-LTR elements to the Precambrian era, as old as eukaryotes.

    • Conclusions:

    • Non-LTR retrotransposons have a long evolutionary history, originating with eukaryotes.
    • Proposed a chronology for the acquisition of endonuclease and RNase H domains.
    • Demonstrated monophyletic acquisition of these key enzymatic domains.