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Related Experiment Videos

Look before you leap: stratify before you standardize.

B C Choi1, N A de Guia, P Walsh

  • 1Bureau of Cardio-Respiratory Diseases and Diabetes, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Health Canada, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

American Journal of Epidemiology
|June 16, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Age standardization is valid for comparing rates over time only if age-specific rates maintain constant differences or ratios. Canadian data show this is often not the case, so stratifying data is recommended.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Biostatistics
  • Demography

Background:

  • Age standardization is a common method to compare health metrics across populations with different age structures.
  • Valid application of age standardization requires specific assumptions about the behavior of age-specific rates over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a mathematical model detailing the conditions under which age standardization is valid for temporal comparisons.
  • To investigate the impact of different comparison measures (difference, ratio, percent change) on the validity of age standardization.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a mathematical model to analyze the relationship between age-specific rates and standardized measures over time.
  • Empirical analysis using Canadian demographic data to assess real-world patterns of age-specific rates.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Valid comparison using rate differences requires constant age-specific rate differences over time.
  • Valid comparison using rate ratios or percent changes requires constant age-specific rate ratios over time.
  • Canadian empirical data demonstrate that age-specific rates often do not maintain consistent patterns over time.

Conclusions:

  • The validity of age standardization for temporal comparisons is contingent on the chosen measure and the stability of age-specific rates.
  • It is recommended to always stratify data and examine age-specific rate patterns before applying age standardization to ensure valid interpretations.