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Subacromial space width changes during abduction and rotation--a 3-D MR imaging study.

H Graichen¹, H Bonel, T Stammberger

¹Anatomische Anstalt, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Germany.

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA

|June 17, 1999

Summary

The subacromial space narrows with arm abduction and rotation, impacting the supraspinatus muscle

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Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Radiology
Biomechanics

Background:

The subacromial space is crucial for shoulder function.
Understanding its dynamic changes is key to diagnosing impingement syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify subacromial space width variations during abduction and rotation.
To analyze the supraspinatus muscle's spatial relationship with the acromion and clavicle.

Main Methods:

12 healthy volunteers underwent MRI in various abduction and rotation positions.
Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and Euclidean distance transformation were used.
Minimal acromio-humeral and acromio-clavicular distances were computed.

Main Results:

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Acromio-humeral distance significantly decreased from 7.0 mm at 30° abduction to 3.9 mm at 120° abduction (p < 0.0001).

Internal rotation at 90° abduction increased this distance but brought it into contact with the supraspinatus tendon's vulnerable part.

The closest supraspinatus contact occurred at 90° abduction with 45° internal rotation.

Conclusions:

Subacromial space width is dynamic and influenced by arm position.
The supraspinatus tendon is most vulnerable to impingement at the anterior-inferior border of the acromion during specific movements.
Findings provide a baseline for studying shoulder impingement syndrome.