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Related Experiment Videos

Muscle performance in detoxified alcoholics.

J L York1, J A Hirsch, D R Pendergast

  • 1Research Institute on Addictions, Buffalo, New York 14203, USA.

Journal of Studies on Alcohol
|June 17, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Alcoholism causes minor muscle performance deficits in arms and legs, affecting strength and power. These functional impairments were less severe than anticipated in detoxified alcoholic men.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Alcohol muscle dysfunction (myopathy) is documented histochemically and morphologically.
  • The functional impact of alcoholism on limb muscle strength and power remains under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the functional capabilities (strength, power) of arm and leg muscles in alcoholic men.
  • To quantify the relative impact of alcoholism on diverse muscle groups.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated elbow, knee, and ankle flexor/extensor muscle strength in detoxified alcoholic men (N=83) and controls (N=61).
  • Utilized a computer-operated isokinetic dynamometer for strength, work, and power assessments.
  • Measured isometric torque and force-velocity relationships in knee extensors.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in muscle mass (muscle-plus-bone cross-sectional area) between groups.
  • Alcoholics exhibited small deficits (3-8%) in isokinetic torque, work, and power for elbow, knee, and ankle muscles.
  • Alcoholics showed approximately 4-6% lower isometric torque and slightly slower contraction speeds (3.9-6.6%) in knee extensors.

Conclusions:

  • Observed muscle performance deficits were smaller than expected.
  • Factors contributing to smaller deficits include subject selection (no comorbidities/polydrug abuse), lifestyle-matched controls, and extended detoxification (35 days).

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