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Related Experiment Videos

Comparison of multiple sclerosis clinical subgroups using navigated spin echo diffusion-weighted imaging.

A G Droogan1, C A Clark, D J Werring

  • 1NMR Research Unit, Institute of Neurology, London, UK.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
|June 18, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements can quantify changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions and white matter. However, ADC values do not differentiate between MS clinical subtypes or correlate with disability.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Biophysics
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) reflects water diffusion in tissues, indicating tissue microstructure.
  • Pathological changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) may alter ADC values in lesions and white matter.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for characterizing MS progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and anisotropy in MS lesions and white matter across different clinical courses.
  • To determine if ADC measurements can distinguish between MS subtypes or correlate with patient disability.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using a pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) sequence was performed on 35 MS patients and 12 healthy controls.
  • Average ADC (ADCav) and anisotropy index were calculated using established formulas.

Related Experiment Videos

  • T2-weighted and post-gadolinium T1-weighted MRI sequences were acquired.

    • Main Results:

    • MS lesions exhibited higher ADC and reduced anisotropy compared to normal-appearing white matter.
    • Gadolinium-enhancing and T1-hypointense lesions showed the highest ADC values.
    • MS white matter had slightly higher ADC and lower anisotropy than healthy controls.
    • No significant differences in lesion or white matter ADC were found between different MS clinical courses.
    • Lesion ADC did not correlate with patient disability.

    Conclusions:

    • Diffusion-weighted imaging with ADC measurement provides quantitative insights into MS lesions, reflecting edema, demyelination, and axonal loss.
    • This technique, however, cannot differentiate between clinical subtypes of MS or predict disability.
    • ADC measurements offer valuable information on the pathological state of MS lesions.