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Mesenteric venous thrombosis.

H A Hassan¹, J P Raufman

¹Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, and the John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, Little Rock 72205, USA.

Southern Medical Journal

|June 18, 1999

Summary

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Mesenteric venous thrombosis, a rare cause of intestinal ischemia, is often linked to prior surgery and clotting disorders. Early diagnosis and heparin treatment can improve outcomes and reduce recurrence.

Area of Science:

Vascular Surgery
Gastroenterology
Internal Medicine

Background:

Mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is a rare but frequently fatal condition causing intestinal ischemia.
It presents a diagnostic challenge due to non-specific symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current literature on mesenteric venous thrombosis.
To highlight diagnostic and management strategies for MVT.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive literature search was conducted using MEDLINE.
Pertinent studies on mesenteric venous thrombosis were reviewed.

Main Results:

Previous abdominal surgery and hypercoagulable states are common predisposing factors for MVT.

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Diagnosis relies on clinical suspicion and noninvasive imaging.

Heparin administration is effective in reducing MVT recurrence and mortality.

Conclusions:

Clinicians should suspect acute mesenteric venous thrombosis in patients with severe abdominal pain disproportionate to physical findings.
Consider MVT in cases with negative workups for more common abdominal pain etiologies.