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Homebuilt aircraft crashes.

A Hasselquist¹, S P Baker

¹United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB, TX 78235-5252, USA.

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine

|June 18, 1999

Summary

Homebuilt aircraft experienced a higher fatal crash rate than general aviation, with mechanical failures and improper assembly as key factors. Education on Federal Aviation Administration guidelines and proper maintenance is crucial to improve safety.

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Area of Science:

Aviation Safety
Accident Investigation
Experimental Aircraft

Background:

General aviation crashes decreased prior to 1993, but homebuilt aircraft crashes rose by 25%.
Research aimed to identify unique causal factors in homebuilt aircraft accidents.

Purpose of the Study:

Analyze homebuilt aircraft crashes in 1993.
Identify specific causes and contributing factors.
Compare homebuilt aircraft accident rates with general aviation.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 200 National Transportation Safety Board records and briefs for homebuilt aircraft crashes in 1993.
Descriptive epidemiology used to examine variables.
Comparison with general aviation crashes from the same year.

Main Results:

Homebuilt aircraft, despite 3% of flight hours, comprised 10% of crashes and had a higher fatal crash rate.
Mechanical failures, takeoff/climb crashes were more frequent in homebuilt aircraft.
Key factors included minimal flight time, improper maintenance, and design/assembly errors.

Conclusions:

Emphasize educating owners on Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) guidelines for certification and airworthiness.
Promote understanding of aircraft specifications and limitations before flight.
Improve aircraft maintenance and consider systems for certification and accurate flight hour reporting to reduce crash rates.

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