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Hepatitis E in Damascus, Syria.

J al-Azmeh1, G Frösner, Z Darwish

  • 1Dept of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Syria.

Infection
|June 23, 1999
PubMed
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Hepatitis A was the most common viral hepatitis in Damascus, Syria, between 1995-1998. The study found indirect evidence suggesting Hepatitis E is endemic, marking its first reported occurrence in the country.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Viral hepatitis remains a significant public health concern globally.
  • Accurate etiological diagnosis is crucial for effective management and control of hepatitis outbreaks.
  • Limited data exists on the prevalence of different hepatitis viruses in Damascus, Syria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the etiological agents responsible for acute hepatitis in Damascus, Syria.
  • To determine the prevalence of Hepatitis A, B, C, and E infections.
  • To identify cases of non-A-E hepatitis and explore potential causes.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based study involving 193 acute hepatitis cases from 1995 to 1998.
  • Sera were screened using ELISA for IgM anti-HAV, HBsAg, IgM anti-HBc, and anti-HCV.

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  • Samples negative for HAV, HBV, and HCV were further tested for Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) markers.

    • Main Results:

    • Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) was the predominant cause, accounting for 71.2% of viral hepatitis cases.
    • Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) constituted 24% and 1.4% of cases, respectively.
    • Five cases of acute Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) were identified, and 31.9% of non-A-E hepatitis cases tested positive for IgG anti-HEV, suggesting HEV endemicity.

    Conclusions:

    • Hepatitis A is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis in Damascus.
    • The study provides the first indirect evidence of HEV endemicity in Syria.
    • Further investigation into HEV as a cause of hepatitis in the region is warranted.