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[Risk factors in various groups of stroke patients (Analysis of 500 cases of the Budapest Stroke Database)]
Insights
This study analyzed 500 acute stroke cases, finding hypertension, high cholesterol, and ischemic heart disease as prevalent risk factors. Most patients (85%) had multiple risk factors, highlighting a significant burden of combined conditions in stroke patients.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Epidemiology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Context:
- Acute stroke cases present a significant global health challenge.
- Understanding the prevalent risk factors is crucial for effective prevention and treatment strategies.
- The Budapest Stroke Data Bank provides a valuable resource for analyzing stroke demographics and risk profiles.
Purpose:
- To analyze the risk factor profile of 500 consecutive acute stroke cases.
- To identify the frequency and co-occurrence of various risk factors in stroke patients.
- To investigate the association between risk factors and different stroke subtypes.
Summary:
- Hypertension (75%), hypercholesterolemia (68%), and ischemic heart disease (61%) were the most frequent risk factors in 500 acute stroke cases.
- 85% of patients had multiple risk factors, with 28% having at least three.
- Specific risk factor clusters were associated with hemorrhagic, atherosclerotic, lacunar, and cardiogenic embolic stroke subtypes.
Impact:
- Findings underscore the high prevalence of multiple comorbidities in stroke patients.
- Identifies key modifiable risk factors for targeted public health interventions.
- Provides insights into the heterogeneity of risk factor profiles across different stroke classifications.
Abstract:
Risk factor profile of 500 consecutive acute++ stroke cases in the protocol of the Budapest Stroke Data Bank has been analysed. High frequency of risk factors and additive occurrence have been documented when compared with other stroke registries; hypertension 75%, hypercholesterolemia 68%, ischemic heart disease 61%, hypertriglycerolemia 39%, smoking 38%, serious hypercholesterolemia 36%, diabetes mellitus 30%, peripheral artery disease 10%, elevated hematocrit 7% and elevated number of platelets 7%. More than one risk factors have been registered in 85% of the patients. Three risk factors at the same patient have been found in 28%. The highest number of risk factors is seven at the same patient. The stroke subtypes have been characterized with "cluster-like" association of risk factors. In the hemorrhagic group (9.4% of all cases) hypertension and alcoholism are the main factors; in the atherosclerotic group (49.4%) more male, smoking peripheral artery disease and hypercholesterolemia have been registered; in the lacunar stroke group (27%) high frequency of hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglycerolemia have been found and in the cardiogenic embolia group (10.6%) more female, higher age, ischemic heart disease and atrial fibrillation are the recurrent risk factors. There is no difference between the risk factor profile++ registered in the left versus right hemispheral strokes, in the anterior versus posterior strokes and in the first ever or recurrent strokes.