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Related Concept Videos

Pedigree Analysis01:35

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When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Lineage Tracing and Clonal Analysis in Developing Cerebral Cortex Using Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers (MADM)
09:25

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Genetic control of branching morphogenesis.

R J Metzger1, M A Krasnow

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5307, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 26, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling patterns branching in developing insect respiratory systems and mammalian lungs. This conserved genetic pathway guides organ formation through successive rounds of development.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Comparative anatomy

Background:

  • Organ development involves complex branching morphogenesis.
  • Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling is crucial in various biological processes.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of branching is key to developmental studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the genetic programs directing treelike branching in animal organs.
  • To investigate the role of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling in branching morphogenesis.
  • To identify conserved mechanisms of branching patterning across species.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of Drosophila tracheal system and mammalian lung development.
  • Focus on fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathways.

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  • Examination of genetic feedback controls and embryonic patterning systems.

    • Main Results:

    • A fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathway is reiteratively used in both Drosophila and mammalian branching.
    • Early embryonic patterning systems establish the initial FGF signaling.
    • Genetic feedback and other signals modify the FGF pathway for distinct branching outcomes at each stage.

    Conclusions:

    • The reiterative use of FGF signaling suggests a general scheme for patterning branching morphogenesis.
    • Conserved genetic mechanisms underlie organ development in insects and mammals.
    • Further research can build upon these findings to understand organogenesis.