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Three-dimensional artifact induced by projection weighting and misalignment.

¹Applied Science Laboratory, GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.

IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging

|June 29, 1999

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Projection weighting in computed tomography (CT) can cause reconstruction bias, especially with isocenter misalignment (ISM). This bias, often subtle in axial images, becomes apparent in 3-D and multiplanar reformatted (MPR) views.

Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Computer Graphics
Image Reconstruction

Background:

Three-dimensional (3-D) and multiplanar reformatted (MPR) imaging from computed tomography (CT) data are increasingly utilized.
Projection data weighting is common in CT reconstruction to mitigate artifacts like motion or data inconsistencies.
Isocenter misalignment (ISM) is a potential issue in CT data acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the bias introduced by the interaction between projection weights and isocenter misalignment (ISM) during CT image reconstruction.
To analyze and predict the resulting image artifacts in 3-D and MPR reconstructions.

Main Methods:

Development of a theoretical framework to analyze bias from projection weighting and ISM.
Validation of theoretical predictions using computer simulations.

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Experimental validation with phantom studies.

Main Results:

Significant differences in weights applied to conjugate rays lead to reconstruction bias, favoring higher-weighted samples.
This bias is often undetectable in axial CT images but becomes visually apparent in 3-D and MPR images.
The theoretical predictions were successfully validated by simulations and phantom experiments.

Conclusions:

The interaction of projection weights and ISM can introduce significant, visually detectable bias in 3-D/MPR CT images.
A theoretical framework and experimental validation confirm the bias mechanism.
Effective schemes to mitigate this artifact were presented and demonstrated.