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The adolescent parenting program: improving outcomes through mentorship.

¹Essex Valley Visiting Nurse Association, East Orange, New Jersey 07018, USA.

Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)

|July 1, 1999

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This study shows a home visitation program significantly improved infant health outcomes for at-risk adolescent parents. The program reduced low birthweight rates and infant mortality, demonstrating its effectiveness in enhancing parenting skills and health practices.

Area of Science:

Public Health
Maternal and Child Health
Social Work

Background:

Adolescent parents and their infants represent a high-risk population.
Elevated rates of infant mortality, low birthweight, and child maltreatment are observed in this demographic.
Existing support systems often fall short for low-income, urban adolescent parents identified as at risk for child maltreatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the efficacy of a home visitation program aimed at improving infant outcomes.
To enhance health practices and parenting skills among low-income, pregnant, and parenting adolescents.
To assess the program's impact on reducing risks of low birthweight, infant mortality, and child maltreatment.

Main Methods:

A one-group pretest-posttest intervention study design was employed.

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The program involved intensive, 2-year home visitation by community-based nursing paraprofessionals.

The sample comprised 137 low-income, urban adolescents who were pregnant or parenting and screened positive for child maltreatment risk.

Main Results:

Program infants exhibited a low birthweight rate of 4.6%, significantly lower than local (13.5%) and national (9.42%) averages.
The mean length of gestation was 39.27 weeks (SD = 1.55).
Zero infant mortality occurred within the program group, favorably comparing to national and local rates. Child neglect was reported in only 2.91% of the sample, also comparing favorably to national data.

Conclusions:

The home visitation program effectively improved infant health outcomes among at-risk adolescent parents.
The intervention demonstrated success in enhancing maternal health practices and parenting skills, leading to better infant outcomes.
This program serves as a valuable model for supporting vulnerable adolescent parent-infant dyads and preventing adverse outcomes.