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In situ detection of the Clostridium botulinum type C1 toxin gene in wetland sediments with a nested PCR assay
J L Williamson1, T E Rocke, J M Aiken
1U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53711, USA. Judy_Williamson@usgs.gov
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|July 2, 1999
Abstract:
A nested PCR was developed for detection of the Clostridium botulinum type C1 toxin gene in sediments collected from wetlands where avian botulism outbreaks had or had not occurred. The C1 toxin gene was detected in 16 of 18 sites, demonstrating both the ubiquitous distribution of C. botulinum type C in wetland sediments and the sensitivity of the detection assay.