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Lower limb compartment syndrome resulting from malignant hyperthermia
I A Johnson1, J C Andrzejowski, J S Currie
1Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Anaesthesia and Intensive Care
|July 2, 1999
Summary
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) can cause compartment syndrome. Prompt dantrolene treatment for MH is crucial, as compartment syndrome may still develop and require fasciotomy.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Surgical Complications
- Medical Case Reports
Background:
- Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare, life-threatening pharmacogenetic disorder of skeletal muscle.
- MH is typically triggered by volatile anesthetics and succinylcholine during general anesthesia.
- Compartment syndrome is a painful condition that occurs when pressure within the muscle compartments of the limbs increases.
Observation:
- A previously healthy patient experienced an intraoperative malignant hyperthermia crisis.
- The MH crisis was successfully treated with intravenous dantrolene.
- Following MH treatment, the patient developed a lower limb compartment syndrome.
Findings:
- Compartment syndrome can be a rare complication of malignant hyperthermia.
- Fasciotomy was required to treat the patient's lower limb compartment syndrome.
- Early recognition of the MH-compartment syndrome link is vital for timely intervention.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of considering compartment syndrome in MH patients.
- Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention (fasciotomy) are critical for managing this complication.
- Awareness of this association can improve patient outcomes in MH cases.