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Microvascular permeability.

C C Michel1, F E Curry

  • 1Cellular and Integrative Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom.

Physiological Reviews
|July 3, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Microvascular permeability is explained by tortuous pathways and a fiber matrix, not primarily cell membrane channels. Macromolecules cross via transcytosis, with signaling pathways regulating inflammation-induced permeability.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Microvascular permeability is crucial for fluid and solute exchange.
  • Understanding the mechanisms governing this process is essential for various physiological and pathological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent experimental findings on microvascular permeability.
  • To elucidate the pathways and mechanisms responsible for solute and macromolecule transport across microvessels.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ultrastructural data from microvessels and endothelial cell cultures.
  • Quantitative estimation of exchange through endothelial cell membranes and intercellular clefts.
  • Evaluation of macromolecule transport mechanisms, including transcytosis.

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Main Results:

  • Permeability differences are attributed to tortuous pathways through endothelial cell junctions and a luminal fiber matrix.
  • Intercellular clefts and a fiber matrix are key to retaining low macromolecule permeability.
  • Transcytosis, not convective transport, is the primary route for macromolecule passage.

Conclusions:

  • Microvascular permeability is governed by complex pathways and structural components.
  • Endothelial cell junctions and associated structures play a critical role in regulating transport.
  • Intracellular signaling pathways modulate microvessel permeability, particularly during inflammation.