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Related Experiment Videos

Congenital deafness and its recognition.

G M Strain1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA. strain@lsu.edu

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice
|July 3, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Hereditary deafness in dogs and cats is linked to white coat and eye colors. Objective diagnosis uses brainstem auditory evoked response, aiding in responsible breeding and owner guidance.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Genetics
  • Animal Audiology

Background:

  • Congenital deafness in dogs and cats is often hereditary, linked to genes influencing white pigmentation.
  • Prevalence is high in white cats (especially blue-eyed) and Dalmatians, but affects other breeds too.
  • Deafness arises from cochlear blood supply degeneration around 3-4 weeks, potentially due to melanocyte suppression by pigmentation genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the genetic basis and diagnosis of congenital deafness in companion animals.
  • To highlight the association between white pigmentation and hereditary deafness.
  • To present objective diagnostic methods and counseling guidelines for affected animals.

Main Methods:

  • Review of hereditary sensorineural deafness in dogs and cats.
  • Association with white pigmentation genes (white, merle, piebald).

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  • Objective diagnosis using brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER).

    • Main Results:

    • Hereditary sensorineural deafness is strongly associated with white coat and blue eye phenotypes in cats and dogs.
    • The underlying inheritance mechanism is not fully understood for most breeds.
    • Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response (BAER) is the objective diagnostic standard, especially for unilateral deafness.

    Conclusions:

    • Animals with congenital deafness linked to white pigmentation should not be bred.
    • Understanding the genetic links is crucial for preventing hereditary deafness.
    • Objective diagnosis via BAER is essential for accurate assessment and client counseling.