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Bound-morpheme generalization by children with SLI: is there a functional relationship with accuracy of response to

B J Kiernan1, D P Snow

  • 1Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721-0071, USA. bkiernan@u.arizona.edu

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|July 3, 1999
PubMed
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Children with specific language impairment (SLI) struggle with bound morpheme generalization (BMG). Improved BMG occurs when children receive evidence that morphemes generalize across words, indicating pattern extraction difficulties.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Children with specific language impairment (SLI) often exhibit difficulties with grammatical morphology.
  • Bound morpheme generalization (BMG) is crucial for acquiring complex grammatical structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between learning training targets and bound-morpheme generalization in preschool children with SLI.
  • To determine if limited BMG in SLI is linked to difficulties in learning specific linguistic forms or in extracting generalizable patterns.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 30 preschool children with SLI and 30 age/gender-matched controls.
  • Training on specific words and affixed forms followed by production probes to assess learning and generalization.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Additional instructional experience with new training targets to observe changes in BMG.

    • Main Results:

    • A dissociation was observed between learning specific trained targets and the ability to generalize bound morphemes.
    • BMG performance improved significantly after additional instructional experience with new targets, suggesting benefits from evidence of generalizability.
    • Children with SLI demonstrated challenges in extracting and extending linguistic patterns rather than in storing or accessing trained information.

    Conclusions:

    • Limited BMG in children with SLI may stem from difficulties in abstracting and generalizing linguistic rules, not from impaired memory or access.
    • Providing evidence of a bound morpheme's generalizability across different vocabulary can enhance BMG in children with SLI.
    • Interventions targeting pattern extraction and rule generalization may be beneficial for children with SLI experiencing BMG deficits.