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The hope construct, will, and ways: their relations with self-efficacy, optimism, and general well-being
1St. Louis University, MO 63103, USA.
Journal of Clinical Psychology
|July 7, 1999
Summary
Hope, comprising "will" and "ways," is distinct from self-efficacy and optimism. All contribute uniquely to predicting general well-being, suggesting they are related but not identical psychological constructs.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Positive Psychology
- Health Psychology
Background:
- Hope is a key psychological construct with two components: "will" (agency) and "ways" (pathways).
- Self-efficacy and optimism are related positive psychological constructs.
- Understanding the distinct and shared variance of these constructs is crucial for well-being research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the relationships between hope (and its components, will and ways) and self-efficacy and optimism.
- To determine the predictive power of hope, self-efficacy, and optimism on general well-being.
Main Methods:
- A quantitative study involving 204 participants.
- Maximum-likelihood factor analysis to assess the distinctness of hope, will, ways, self-efficacy, and optimism.
- Multiple regression analyses to predict general well-being.
Main Results:
- Factor analysis supported hope, will, ways, self-efficacy, and optimism as distinct constructs.
- Hope, as a whole, uniquely predicted well-being beyond self-efficacy and optimism.
- Will uniquely predicted well-being independent of self-efficacy.
- Ways uniquely predicted well-being independent of optimism.
Conclusions:
- Hope, self-efficacy, and optimism are related but empirically distinct constructs.
- The components of hope (will and ways) offer unique contributions to well-being.
- These findings underscore the importance of assessing hope, self-efficacy, and optimism separately for a comprehensive understanding of psychological well-being.
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