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Histological Quantification to Determine Lung Fungal Burden in Experimental Aspergillosis
09:52

Histological Quantification to Determine Lung Fungal Burden in Experimental Aspergillosis

Published on: March 9, 2018

Clinical efficacy of amphotericin B colloidal dispersion against infections caused by Aspergillus spp

M Gurwith1

  • 1ALZA Corporation, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.

Chemotherapy
|July 8, 1999
PubMed

Insights

Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (ABCD) shows efficacy against Aspergillus infections, with response rates varying by patient group. Higher doses may improve outcomes with low renal toxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Clinical Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Aspergillosis is a serious fungal infection.
  • Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (ABCD) is an alternative antifungal treatment.
  • Efficacy of ABCD requires further evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical trials on ABCD efficacy for Aspergillus infections.
  • To analyze response rates in different patient populations.
  • To assess safety and potential for dose escalation.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of three published clinical trials.
  • Inclusion of 376 treated patients, with 67 evaluable for systemic aspergillosis.
  • Analysis of response rates based on patient characteristics and prior treatments.

Main Results:

  • Overall response rate of 47.8% in evaluable patients.
  • Lower response rate (34.3%) when conventional amphotericin B (CAB) failed or was contraindicated.
  • Higher response rates in bone marrow transplant (57.9%) and renal impairment (62.5%) patients.
  • Efficacy comparable to CAB at 4 mg/kg/day with low renal toxicity.
  • Potential for increased efficacy with doses up to 7.5 mg/kg/day.

Conclusions:

  • ABCD demonstrates clinical efficacy in treating Aspergillus infections.
  • Patient selection and prior treatment influence ABCD response rates.
  • ABCD is a viable option, particularly in BMT and renal impairment cases.
  • Higher dosages of ABCD may enhance treatment outcomes safely.

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