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Physiology of lactation.

M C Neville1

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, USA. peggy.neville@uchsc.edu

Clinics in Perinatology
|July 8, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Human lactation involves mammary gland development, milk secretion, and ejection. This process transitions from pregnancy to lactation (lactogenesis), impacting maternal metabolism and fertility.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Human lactation is a complex physiological process crucial for infant nutrition.
  • Understanding lactation is essential for maternal and child health.
  • Previous research has focused on various aspects of milk production and its hormonal regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of human lactation physiology.
  • To detail the anatomical and developmental changes in the mammary gland.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of milk secretion and ejection, and lactogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on human lactation.
  • Description of mammary gland anatomy and development.
  • Analysis of the physiological mechanisms of milk production and release.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of mammary gland structure and its changes during pregnancy and lactation.
  • Explanation of the neuroendocrine control of milk secretion and ejection.
  • Characterization of lactogenesis as a temporal process.
  • Overview of the metabolic adaptations during lactation.
  • Discussion of the interplay between lactation and female fertility.

Conclusions:

  • Human lactation is a multifaceted physiological process regulated by intricate mechanisms.
  • Lactation significantly influences maternal metabolism and reproductive cycles.
  • Further research can optimize lactation support and management.

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