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Respiratory muscle function in endocrine diseases.

N M Siafakas1, C Alexopoulou, D Bouros

  • 1Dept of Thoracic Medicine, Medical School, University of Crete, Greece.

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease = Archivio Monaldi Per Le Malattie Del Torace
|July 8, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Endocrinopathies can impair respiratory muscle (RM) function, necessitating clinical evaluation for RM weakness in hormonal imbalances. Further research is needed for specific conditions like diabetes insipidus and adrenal disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Muscle Physiology

Background:

  • Hormonal imbalances, or endocrinopathies, are increasingly recognized to affect various bodily systems.
  • Respiratory muscle (RM) function is crucial for maintaining adequate ventilation.
  • The interplay between endocrine disorders and RM function requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing evidence on the impact of endocrinopathies on respiratory muscle function.
  • To highlight the need for clinical awareness and investigation of RM weakness in patients with hormonal imbalances.
  • To identify areas requiring further research regarding RM dysfunction in specific endocrine diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating respiratory muscle function in the context of endocrine disorders.

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  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms linking hormonal imbalances to muscle weakness.
  • Synthesis of findings related to documented and potential RM dysfunction.

    • Main Results:

    • Thyroid disease (hypo- and hyperthyroidism) is consistently associated with reversible respiratory muscle weakness.
    • Controversial or limited evidence exists for conditions including acromegaly, hypopituitarism, diabetes mellitus, and iatrogenic RM myopathy.
    • Potential pathophysiological links exist for diabetes insipidus, hypoparathyroidism, Cushing's disease, pheochromocytoma, adrenalin deficiency, and androgen disorders, but lack empirical study.

    Conclusions:

    • Respiratory muscle weakness is a potential consequence of various endocrinopathies.
    • Clinicians should consider assessing respiratory muscle strength in patients with hormonal imbalances.
    • Urgent investigation is warranted for several endocrine conditions where the impact on respiratory muscles remains unstudied or controversial.