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Antigenic and molecular characterization of three infectious bursal disease virus field isolates
H S Sellers1, P N Villegas, B S Seal
1Department of Avian Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-4875, USA.
Abstract:
Three infectious bursal disease field viruses, identified as U28, 3212, and MISS and isolated in the early 1980s from the southeastern United States, were characterized both antigenically and genotypically. A panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) was utilized in an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antigenic characterization. The ELISA data indicated that U28 and the Delaware variants are antigenically related. The 3212 and the GLS variants were more closely related antigenically to each other than to other viruses analyzed. However, the MISS isolate reacted with MAbs that were specific for both classic and variant strains of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify nucleotide sequences from the genome coding for the variable region of VP2 from IBDV field isolates U28, 3212, and MISS. Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences revealed that U28 was most similar (98.3%) to the IBDV Delaware variants and that 3212 was most similar (97.1%) to the GLS variant. The MISS isolate was most similar (97.4%) to the classic 52/70 strain. Positive correlation occurred with the use of different methods to characterize IBDV isolates.
Insights
Characterizing infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) field isolates U28, 3212, and MISS revealed distinct antigenic and genotypic profiles. These findings correlate well between serological and molecular methods for IBDV strain identification.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Molecular Epidemiology
- Immunology
Background:
- Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes significant economic losses in poultry.
- Understanding the antigenic and genotypic diversity of IBDV field strains is crucial for effective disease control.
- Early IBDV isolates from the 1980s provide a baseline for tracking viral evolution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To antigenically and genotypically characterize three IBDV field isolates (U28, 3212, MISS) from the southeastern United States.
- To compare antigenic and genotypic data for accurate IBDV strain classification.
- To establish correlations between different characterization methods.
Main Methods:
- Antigenic characterization using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
- Genotypic characterization via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to amplify the variable region of the VP2 gene.
- Phylogenetic analysis of deduced amino acid sequences.
Main Results:
- ELISA indicated antigenic relationships between U28 and Delaware variants, and between 3212 and GLS variants.
- The MISS isolate showed reactivity with MAbs specific for both classic and variant IBDV strains.
- Phylogenetic analysis showed U28 (98.3%) similar to Delaware variants, 3212 (97.1%) to GLS variant, and MISS (97.4%) to the classic 52/70 strain.
Conclusions:
- The study successfully characterized three IBDV field isolates using both antigenic and genotypic methods.
- A positive correlation was observed between the different methods employed for IBDV characterization.
- These findings contribute to a better understanding of IBDV diversity and evolution.