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Related Experiment Videos

Risk factors for hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

A G Jensen1, C H Wachmann, K B Poulsen

  • 1Sector for Microbiology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Archives of Internal Medicine
|July 10, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is linked to central venous catheters, anemia, and hyponatremia. This serious infection significantly increases patient mortality rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hospital Epidemiology
  • Clinical Microbiology

Background:

  • Hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is a frequent and serious complication.
  • No prior case-control studies have investigated the risk factors for hospital-acquired SAB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with hospital-acquired SAB.
  • To determine the impact of hospital-acquired SAB on mortality rates.

Main Methods:

  • A 1-year prospective analysis of patients with hospital-acquired SAB in four Copenhagen hospitals.
  • Matched case-control study comparing 85 patients with hospital-acquired SAB to 85 controls with similar diagnoses.
  • Unmatched analysis comparing 62 hospital-acquired SAB patients to 118 randomly selected controls.

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Main Results:

  • The incidence of hospital-acquired SAB was 0.71 per 1000 admissions.
  • Central venous catheter presence (OR=6.9), anemia (OR=3.3), and hyponatremia (OR=3.3) were significant risk factors.
  • Nasal carriage was not an independent risk factor, but surgical patients who were nasal carriers had increased risk (OR=4.0).

Conclusions:

  • Central venous catheters are a key risk factor for hospital-acquired SAB.
  • Hyponatremia and anemia are associated with the development of hospital-acquired SAB.
  • Hospital-acquired SAB independently increases mortality by 2.4-fold.