Laparoscopy for Acute Diseases of the Lower Abdomen and Pelvis

Laparoscopy is an important tool for evaluating acute lower abdominal and pelvic pain. Although a complete history and physical examination often provide an accurate diagnosis, laparoscopy can serve as an adjunct in many patients with unclear symptoms. An acute abdomen can be caused by many pelvic sources. Laparoscopy can assist in the diagnosis of abdominal and pelvic pathologies and can often be therapeutic, eg, the treatment of adnexal torsion and endometriosis. The early use of laparoscopy for the diagnosis of acute lower abdominal and pelvic pain of unclear etiology often leads to an earlier diagnosis and allows for definitive treatment using minimal access techniques.