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Related Experiment Videos

Subgenual cingulate cortex volume in first-episode psychosis.

Y Hirayasu1, M E Shenton, D F Salisbury

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

The American Journal of Psychiatry
|July 13, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with a family history of affective disorder show reduced left subgenual cingulate gray matter volume during their first episode of illness. This finding suggests a potential genetic link in affective disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Reduced gray matter volume and glucose utilization in the left subgenual cingulate are observed in familial bipolar and unipolar depression.
  • It remains unclear if these brain changes are due to recurrent illness or a familial/genetic predisposition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether reduced left subgenual cingulate volume in affective disorder is associated with a family history of the illness.
  • To differentiate the neurobiological underpinnings of affective disorders with and without a familial component.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used for volumetric analyses.
  • The study included 41 patients experiencing their first episode of affective disorder or schizophrenia.
  • Twenty healthy individuals served as the normal comparison group.

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Main Results:

  • Patients with affective disorder and a family history of affective disorder exhibited smaller left subgenual cingulate volumes compared to those without a family history and normal controls.
  • No significant difference in left subgenual cingulate volume was found between patients with schizophrenia and the comparison subjects.

Conclusions:

  • Abnormalities in the left subgenual cingulate are present at the first hospitalization for psychotic affective disorder.
  • A family history of affective disorder is associated with these left subgenual cingulate abnormalities in first-episode patients.