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Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis.

P Prandoni1, E Bernardi

  • 1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, Italy. paoprand@tin.it

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
|July 17, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Upper extremity deep-vein thrombosis (UEDVT) is a serious condition, often linked to risk factors like catheters or cancer. Accurate diagnosis via imaging is crucial for effective anticoagulant treatment and preventing complications like pulmonary embolism.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Upper extremity deep-vein thrombosis (UEDVT) is increasingly recognized as a significant clinical issue.
  • It often presents with identifiable risk factors, including central venous catheters and malignancy, but spontaneous cases occur.
  • Inherited coagulation defects are found in 10-26% of patients with UEDVT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of upper extremity deep-vein thrombosis.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and therapeutic strategies for UEDVT.
  • To emphasize the seriousness of UEDVT compared to lower extremity DVT.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of upper extremity deep-vein thrombosis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic modalities including compression ultrasonography and contrast venography.

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  • Evaluation of treatment options such as anticoagulation, thrombolysis, and surgery.

    • Main Results:

    • UEDVT can be asymptomatic or present with pain, edema, and functional impairment.
    • Objective diagnosis is essential, with compression ultrasonography as the preferred initial test.
    • Pulmonary embolism complicates up to 36% of UEDVT cases, sometimes as the initial symptom.

    Conclusions:

    • Heparin followed by oral anticoagulants for at least 3 months is the recommended treatment for UEDVT.
    • Prevention strategies include pharmacologic measures for patients with central venous catheters.
    • UEDVT is considered as serious as lower extremity deep-vein thrombosis.