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Related Experiment Videos

Sex roles and body image.

K A Braitman1, N V Ramanaiah

  • 1Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale 62901-6502, USA.

Psychological Reports
|July 17, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Women with sex-typed or undifferentiated gender identities report lower body esteem compared to androgynous or cross-sexed individuals. This highlights the impact of gender roles on women's body image perceptions.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Gender Studies
  • Body Image Research

Background:

  • Gender identity influences psychological well-being.
  • Previous research suggests a link between traditional gender roles and body image concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that sex-typed women have less favorable body image than androgynous or cross-sexed women.
  • To examine the relationship between gender identity classifications and body esteem in female undergraduates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ) and the Body Esteem Scale (BES).
  • Assessed 121 Euro-American female undergraduate psychology students.
  • Classified participants into gender identity groups: Sex-typed, Androgynous, Cross-sexed, and Undifferentiated.

Main Results:

  • Sex-typed and Undifferentiated women scored significantly lower on Sexual Attractiveness, Weight Concern, and Physical Condition than Androgynous and Cross-sexed women.
  • Significant differences in mean body image profiles were found between these groups.
  • Sex-typed women differed significantly from Androgynous women but not Cross-sexed women in body image profiles.

Conclusions:

  • Gender identity significantly impacts women's body esteem.
  • Traditional sex-typing and undifferentiated gender identities are associated with poorer body image.
  • Androgynous and cross-sexed identities may be linked to more positive body image perceptions.

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