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Indinavir crystallization and urolithiasis.

F Grases1, A Costa-Bauzá, R García-González

  • 1Laboratory of Urolithiasis Research, University of Illes Balears, Spain.

International Urology and Nephrology
|July 17, 1999
PubMed
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Indinavir crystallization accelerates in urine above pH 6.0. Natural saponins like escin and glycyrrhizic acid significantly delay indinavir precipitation, suggesting their potential to prevent kidney stone formation.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Nephrology
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Indinavir is an antiretroviral drug prone to crystallization in urine.
  • Renal tubular solid deposition is a significant clinical concern associated with indinavir therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the kinetics of indinavir crystallization in synthetic urine.
  • To evaluate the impact of pH and concentration on indinavir precipitation.
  • To identify potential inhibitors of indinavir crystallization.

Main Methods:

  • Kinetically studied indinavir crystallization in synthetic urine.
  • Varied urinary pH and indinavir concentrations.
  • Assessed the effect of natural saponins (escin, glycyrrhizic acid) on precipitation time.

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Main Results:

  • Indinavir precipitation time decreased significantly at urinary pH > 6.0.
  • Escin and glycyrrhizic acid notably increased indinavir precipitation time.
  • These findings suggest a concentration-dependent effect of pH on indinavir solubility.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary pH is a critical factor influencing indinavir crystallization kinetics.
  • Natural saponins demonstrate potential as crystallization inhibitors for indinavir.
  • Further research may explore saponin-based strategies to mitigate indinavir-induced nephrotoxicity.