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Optic Nerve Transection: A Model of Adult Neuron Apoptosis in the Central Nervous System
Published on: May 12, 2011
Pathologic findings in a steroid-responsive optic nerve infarct in giant-cell arteritis
J C Kattah1, L Mejico, G A Chrousos
1Department of Neurology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, 61656-1649, USA. kattahj@uic.edu
Neurology
|July 17, 1999
Summary
Giant-cell arteritis (GCA) can cause optic nerve infarction. This study suggests preserved collateral circulation and corticosteroid treatment may aid visual recovery in GCA patients with optic nerve damage.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neurology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Giant-cell arteritis (GCA) is a vasculitis affecting medium and large arteries.
- Optic nerve infarction is a serious complication of GCA, often leading to blindness.
- Previous studies identified retrolaminar infarcts and vasculitis of short ciliary and ophthalmic arteries in GCA patients.
Observation:
- A patient with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy secondary to GCA underwent comprehensive examination and autopsy.
- Pathologic examination revealed a prelaminar/retrolaminar infarct in the optic nerve.
- Vasculitis was localized to the short ciliary arteries, with sparing of other major arteries.
Findings:
- The optic nerve infarct was located in the prelaminar and retrolaminar regions.
- Active vasculitis was confined to the short ciliary arteries.
- Central retinal, pial, and ophthalmic arteries showed no signs of active vasculitis.
Implications:
- Preserved anterior optic nerve collateral circulation may contribute to visual improvement in GCA.
- Corticosteroids likely exert neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, aiding recovery.
- Understanding the specific vascular involvement in GCA is crucial for managing optic nerve complications.
