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Related Experiment Videos

Intracellular calcium dynamics during photolysis.

N A Busch1, S R Reiken, M Toner

  • 1Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
|July 21, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Intracellular calcium increases before cell photolysis. Blocking this calcium rise with channel blockers prevents cell death, indicating its necessity for membrane rupture during photodynamic therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Photolysis involves cell destruction through light exposure.
  • Understanding the precise molecular events triggering cell lysis is crucial for targeted therapies.
  • Intracellular calcium dynamics play a significant role in cellular responses to stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of intracellular calcium dynamics in the events preceding cell photolysis.
  • To determine if the observed rise in intracellular calcium is a prerequisite for plasma membrane lysis.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential of blocking calcium influx in photodynamic cell death.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a malignant melanoma cell model.
  • Employed the calcium-sensitive fluorescent dye Fluo-3 to monitor intracellular calcium.

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  • Performed single-cell photolysis experiments using 632 nm laser light and the photosensitizer tin chlorin e6.
  • Administered calcium channel blockers (verapamil, nifedipine, nickel) to assess their impact on calcium levels and cell viability.

    • Main Results:

    • Laser irradiation with a photosensitizer induced a significant rise in intracellular calcium.
    • Calcium channel blockers effectively inhibited this calcium increase.
    • Treatment with channel blockers reduced or prevented cell death, even with lethal doses of photosensitizer and irradiation.
    • Demonstrated that the rise in intracellular calcium occurs before plasma membrane lysis.

    Conclusions:

    • The early rise in intracellular calcium is a critical event preceding cell photolysis.
    • Inhibition of intracellular calcium influx is a viable strategy to protect cells from photolysis-induced death.
    • This study highlights the essential role of calcium signaling in the mechanism of cell membrane rupture during photolysis.