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[Stroke in a child due to hemoglobinopathy AS]
D J Calzada-Sierra1, R Galvizu-Sánchez, C Sánchez-Catasús
1Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, CIREN, La Habana, Cuba. danny@neuro.sld.cu
Revista De Neurologia
|July 23, 1999
Summary
Sickle cell trait (HbAS) can cause stroke in children, especially when combined with altitude-induced hypoxia. Hemoglobin electrophoresis is recommended for young patients experiencing stroke symptoms.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Hematology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Sickle cell anemia (HbSS) is a genetic disorder associated with neurological complications like cerebral ischemia.
- The sickle cell trait (HbAS) is often considered asymptomatic, but cases of stroke have been reported.
Observation:
- A 5-year-old boy with HbAS experienced a cerebral infarct during travel to a higher altitude.
- Symptoms included headache, vomiting, and right hemiplegia, confirmed by imaging studies.
- SPECT revealed hypoperfusion in the left frontal lobe and basal ganglia.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with AS hemoglobinopathy.
- The cerebral infarct was likely caused by a combination of HbAS, high altitude, and dehydration.
Implications:
- This case highlights the potential risk of stroke in individuals with sickle cell trait under specific environmental conditions.
- Routine hemoglobin electrophoresis is recommended for children and young adults presenting with stroke.