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Sensory irritation and multiple chemical sensitivity.

R C Anderson1, J H Anderson

  • 1Anderson Laboratories, West Hartford, Vermont 05084, USA.

Toxicology and Industrial Health
|July 23, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Indoor air pollutants like those from common products can cause sensory irritation and breathing difficulties, mimicking Sick Building Syndrome and Multiple Chemical Sensitivity. Repeated exposure can increase sensitivity to these airborne irritants.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) and Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) share symptoms with airborne irritant chemical exposure.
  • Symptoms include sensory irritation (SI) of eyes, nose, throat, and pulmonary irritation (PI) affecting breathing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if indoor air pollutants can cause SI and/or PI.
  • To explore the potential for airborne irritants to induce changes in sensitivity.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory mice were exposed to volatile emissions from common household products and air samples from complaint sites.
  • Sensory irritation, pulmonary irritation, and airflow limitation (AFL) were measured.
  • Behavioral changes were assessed using a functional observational battery.

Main Results:

  • Exposure to product emissions and polluted indoor air caused SI, PI, and AFL in mice.
  • Repeated exposures to certain chemical mixtures led to a 2- to 4-fold increase in SI response, indicating heightened sensitivity.
  • The heightened sensitivity was specific to certain irritant mixtures, not a generalized stress response.

Conclusions:

  • Airborne irritant chemicals from common products and indoor air pollution can cause symptoms associated with SBS and MCS, including SI, PI, AFL, and neurotoxicity.
  • The study demonstrates a potential animal model for developing increased sensitivity to airborne irritants, relevant to human responses.
  • Further research on this model can elucidate mechanisms of human sensitivity changes to environmental pollutants.

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