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Maxillofacial trauma in the elderly.

G Gerbino1, F Roccia, P P De Gioanni

  • 1Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Turin, Italy. giager@tin.it

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
|July 23, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Maxillofacial fractures in elderly patients require careful assessment. Surgical intervention is less frequent, with outcomes similar to younger adults, despite increased hospitalization time due to comorbidities.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Geriatric Trauma
  • Facial Fractures

Background:

  • Elderly individuals present unique challenges in managing maxillofacial trauma.
  • Aging affects physiological, psychological, and social factors influencing treatment decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the incidence, causes, and complexity of maxillofacial fractures in the elderly.
  • To evaluate the need for modified assessment, surgical indications, and techniques for this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 222 patients over 60 with maxillofacial trauma (1987-1996).
  • Data analyzed included age, injury cause, trauma site, associated fractures, medical history, treatment, hospitalization, and complications.
  • Comparison with a control group of 178 younger adult patients.

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Main Results:

  • Preexisting systemic conditions significantly increased hospitalization time.
  • 40.1% required no treatment; 59.9% underwent surgery (86.5% open reduction/internal fixation).
  • Complications occurred in 2.7% of patients; one in-hospital death.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical intervention for elderly facial trauma is less common due to age-related changes.
  • Treatment principles, outcomes, and complication rates are comparable to the general adult population.