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Related Experiment Videos

PHA production, from bacteria to plants.

H E Valentin1, D L Broyles, L A Casagrande

  • 1Monsanto Company, Agricultural Sector, St. Louis, MO 63198, USA.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|July 23, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Engineered plant genes produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), a biodegradable plastic, in crops like Arabidopsis and canola. Modified plants achieved significant PHA yields, with potential for producing copolyesters.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Plant Molecular Biology
  • Biopolymer Production

Background:

  • Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable polyesters with diverse applications.
  • Engineering plants for PHA biosynthesis offers a sustainable production alternative.
  • Ralstonia eutropha provides a well-characterized PHA biosynthetic pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthetic pathway from Ralstonia eutropha for expression in plants.
  • To evaluate PHA production in Arabidopsis and Brassica using different promoters.
  • To investigate the production of PHA copolyesters in engineered plants.

Main Methods:

  • Genes for PHA synthesis (bktB, phaB, phaC) were codon-optimized and targeted to plant plastids.

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  • Expression was driven by leaf-specific (e35S) or seed-specific promoters in Arabidopsis and Brassica.
  • Threonine deaminase was co-expressed to produce copolyesters.

    • Main Results:

    • Homozygous Arabidopsis lines accumulated PHA up to 12-13% of dry mass.
    • Heterozygous canola seeds yielded PHA at approximately 7% of seed weight.
    • Co-expression of threonine deaminase resulted in 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate copolyester production.

    Conclusions:

    • Plant plastid expression of the Ralstonia eutropha PHA pathway is feasible and efficient.
    • Significant PHA yields can be achieved in both vegetative and seed tissues of model and crop plants.
    • The system allows for the production of PHA-based copolyesters in plants.