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Related Experiment Videos

Air drying method using nitrous oxide for chromosome counting in maize.

A Kato1

  • 1Department of Agronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA. kato@mail.biosci.missouri.edu

Biotechnic & Histochemistry : Official Publication of the Biological Stain Commission
|July 23, 1999
PubMed
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Nitrous oxide (N2O) pretreatment significantly improved chromosome counting in maize by yielding more countable and non-overlapped chromosome figures. Other tested methods like colchicine and 8-hydroxyquinoline showed limited effectiveness for this application.

Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Cytology
  • Agricultural science

Background:

  • Accurate chromosome counting is crucial for maize (Zea mays L.) genetic studies and breeding.
  • Traditional methods may yield limited countable chromosome figures, hindering analysis.
  • Developing efficient pretreatment methods is essential for improving chromosome preparation quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of various chemical and temperature pretreatments for enhancing chromosome counting in maize.
  • To identify the optimal pretreatment method for obtaining a higher number of countable and non-overlapped chromosome figures.

Main Methods:

  • Maize root tips were pretreated using nitrous oxide (N2O), colchicine, trifluralin, amiprophos-methyl, 8-hydroxyquinoline, and cold/cold-hot-cold temperature cycles.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Pretreated root tips underwent enzymatic maceration and air drying.
  • The number of countable chromosome figures and mitotic indexes were quantified for each treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • Nitrous oxide (N2O) at 10 atm for 3 hours yielded the highest number of countable chromosome figures (266.5 per preparation) and non-overlapped figures (44.2 per preparation).
    • 0.04% 8-hydroxyquinoline for 3 hours provided a moderate number of countable figures (53.9 per preparation).
    • Colchicine, trifluralin, amiprophos-methyl, and temperature pretreatments demonstrated limited effectiveness.

    Conclusions:

    • Nitrous oxide (N2O) pretreatment is a highly effective method for improving chromosome counting in maize.
    • N2O treatment significantly increases the yield of analyzable chromosome preparations compared to other tested agents.
    • This finding offers a valuable tool for cytogenetic analysis and genetic improvement in maize breeding programs.