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[The pericardium: a heterogeneous tissue. Anatomic and morphometric considerations].

C Latremouille1, A Vincentelli, R Zegdi

  • 1Laboratoire d'Etude des greffes et prothèses cardiaques, Hôpital Broussais, Paris, France.

Morphologie : Bulletin De L'Association Des Anatomistes
|July 27, 1999
PubMed
Summary

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The thinnest pericardium for cardiac valve repair is found on the right anterior aspect in non-cardiomegalic patients. This tissue offers superior fixation properties for autologous pericardial bioprosthesis construction.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Autologous pericardium, fixed with glutaraldehyde, is a common material for cardiac valve repair and bioprosthesis construction.
  • Thinner pericardial tissue demonstrates improved fixation properties, crucial for the success of these surgical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the thickness and usable surface area of pericardium based on harvesting site.
  • To correlate pericardial thickness with patient characteristics such as cardiomegaly and sex.

Main Methods:

  • Parietal pericardium samples were collected from cadavers (Group I) and surgical patients (Groups II-IV).
  • Patients were categorized based on cardiomegaly status (cardiothoracic ratio < 0.5 or > 0.5).
  • A digital thickness counter with 0.01 mm precision was used to measure tissue thickness.

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Main Results:

  • Pericardial thickness increased from the base towards the diaphragmatic region, particularly on the left heart side.
  • Significant differences in thickness were observed in patients with cardiomegaly compared to those without.
  • Tissue thickness was not significantly related to the patient's sex.

Conclusions:

  • The right anterior aspect of the pericardial sac in non-cardiomegalic patients yields the thinnest pericardial tissue.
  • This specific tissue region is optimal for valve reconstructive surgery due to its favorable thinness and fixation characteristics.