[Glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Its etiopathogenetic aspects; the therapeutic consequences]

In recent years, glaucoma is considered a progressive, primitive, intrinsic neuropathy, associated with a disease of the corneoscleral trabeculum. After a short recall of the anatomy and microvascular physiology of the optic nerve, we mention the main etiopathogenic hypothesis, insisting upon the significance of the optic nerve blood flow abnormalities. We discuss then the possible existence of an autoregulation system of blood flow at the level of the optic nerve and the main factors which may be involved in the optic nerve perfusion. In the end, we present some therapeutical consequences, outlining the future expectations.