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Rye chromosome variability in wheat-rye addition and substitution lines
A G Alkhimova1, J S Heslop-Harrison, A I Shchapova
1John Innes Centre, Norwich, Great Britain.
Summary
Rye chromosome stability varies between wheat substitution and addition lines. Saratovskaya 29/Onohoiskaya substitution lines show greater stability than Chinese Spring/Imperial addition lines, indicating differences in DNA family evolution.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
- Plant Science
Background:
- Highly repetitive DNA families (pSc200, pSc250) are crucial for understanding chromosome structure and evolution.
- Rye (Secale cereale) chromosome polymorphism provides insights into genetic diversity and stability.
- Wheat-rye addition and substitution lines are valuable tools for comparative genomics and gene mapping.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate polymorphism and stability of rye chromosomes using specific DNA probes.
- To compare the genetic stability of different rye varieties and their introgression into wheat.
- To analyze the impact of wheat background on rye chromosome integrity.
Main Methods:
- In situ hybridization with highly repetitive DNA families (pSc200, pSc250) on rye chromosomes.
- Comparative analysis of three rye varieties (Petkus, Imperial, Onohoiskaya).
- Examination of wheat-rye addition (Chinese Spring/Imperial) and substitution (Saratovskaya 29/Onohoiskaya) lines.
Main Results:
- Polymorphism for pSc200 and pSc250 signals observed in rye varieties on specific chromosome pairs (2R, 4R, 5R, 6R, 7R).
- Chromosome 1R showed heteromorphism in the Onohoiskaya variety.
- Wheat-rye substitution lines (Saratovskaya 29/Onohoiskaya) exhibited greater chromosome stability than addition lines (Chinese Spring/Imperial), with alterations like chromosome arm loss and heterochromatin deletion detected.
Conclusions:
- Intervarietal changes in highly repetitive DNA families occurred independently.
- Saratovskaya 29/Onohoiskaya chromosome substitution lines demonstrate enhanced chromosome stability compared to Chinese Spring/Imperial addition lines.
- The wheat background influences the stability of introgressed rye chromosomes.