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Related Experiment Videos

Paraoxonase polymorphism in rabbits.

R Zech1, R M Severin, J M Chemnitius

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany.

Chemico-Biological Interactions
|July 27, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Paraoxonase enzyme activity varies between rabbit and cattle tissues. Rabbit serum shows high paraoxonase activity, while cattle liver also exhibits significant levels, with distinct variations in enzyme activity ratios observed in rabbits.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology
  • Comparative Physiology

Background:

  • Paraoxonase (PON) is an enzyme found in serum and liver tissues.
  • Understanding PON activity is crucial for comprehending xenobiotic metabolism and detoxification pathways.
  • Species-specific differences in enzyme distribution and activity can impact toxicological responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare paraoxonase activity in the serum and liver of rabbits and cattle.
  • To characterize the substrate specificity of paraoxonase and other esterases in these species.
  • To identify and analyze paraoxonase polymorphism in rabbits.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme kinetic assays were performed using paraoxon and phenylacetate as substrates.
  • Hydrolysis rates were measured in serum and liver homogenates.

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  • Inhibition studies were conducted to differentiate enzyme activities.
  • Paraoxonase activity ratios were analyzed to assess interindividual variation and polymorphism.

    • Main Results:

    • Serum paraoxonase exclusively hydrolyzes paraoxon and phenylacetate, bound to alpha-lipoprotein.
    • Rabbit liver paraoxonase hydrolyzes paraoxon, while phenylacetate hydrolysis is mainly by B-esterase (80%).
    • Rabbit serum exhibits the highest paraoxonase activity among tested species; cattle liver shows high activity, but serum activity is low.
    • Rabbit paraoxonase displays significant interindividual variation in activity ratios, revealing three polymorphic phenotypes (A, AB, B) with frequencies of 40%, 35%, and 25% respectively.

    Conclusions:

    • Paraoxonase activity and substrate specificity differ significantly between rabbit and cattle serum and liver.
    • Rabbit paraoxonase exhibits genetic polymorphism, with distinct phenotypes influencing enzyme activity ratios.
    • The findings highlight species-specific enzymatic mechanisms in detoxification and provide insights into rabbit paraoxonase genetics.