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Related Experiment Videos

Effects of pacing when using material handling manipulators.

M A Nussbaum1, D B Chaffin

  • 1Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061, USA. nussbaum@vt.edu

Human Factors
|July 28, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Performing materials handling tasks faster increases musculoskeletal injury risk. Paced object transfers, with or without manipulators, elevate hand forces, torso moments, spine forces, and muscle antagonism, suggesting higher injury potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Ergonomics and Human Factors
  • Occupational Biomechanics
  • Industrial Engineering

Background:

  • Materials handling is a common workplace activity.
  • Manipulator use is increasing in industrial settings.
  • Understanding the biomechanical effects of task speed is crucial for injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biomechanical effects of paced versus self-selected speeds in manipulator-assisted materials handling.
  • To determine how task speed influences forces, kinematics, and muscle activity.
  • To assess the risk of musculoskeletal injury associated with faster task execution.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory simulation of common manipulator-assisted materials handling tasks.
  • Comparison of self-selected and 20% faster (paced) task speeds.

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  • Measurement of peak hand forces, torso kinematics, spine moments and forces, and muscle antagonism.

    • Main Results:

    • Faster trials (20% increase in speed) required ~10% higher hand forces and 5%-10% higher torso moments.
    • Torso postures and motions remained consistent across speed conditions.
    • Faster speeds led to ~10% higher spine forces and ~15% greater lumbar muscle antagonism.

    Conclusions:

    • Performing object transfers at faster than self-selected speeds, with or without manipulators, increases the risk of musculoskeletal injury.
    • Manipulator use requires higher levels of motor coordination.
    • Findings inform the design, evaluation, and selection of material handling manipulators for paced operations.