Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator follow-up: what everyone needs to know

Over the past few years, remarkable advances in the treatment of ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and sudden cardiac death have occurred. One of the most significant treatment modalities has been the addition of the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Because of the rapidly expanding indications for ICD therapy, it is common for internists, family practitioners, emergency room physicians, and general cardiologists to treat defibrillator patients. Basic skills related to ICD follow-up are therefore essential for many physicians. In this review, we will summarize routine device follow-up, provide instructions regarding emergency ICD deactivation, discuss common complications and how to detect them, and answer some frequently asked questions.