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Practical tools for qualitative community-oriented primary care community assessment.

R L Williams1, B F Crabtree, C O'Brien

  • 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, USA. rlwilliams@salud.unm.edu

Family Medicine
|July 30, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Busy clinical practices can use mail, telephone surveys, or focus groups for community assessments. These methods yield clinically useful qualitative data, with telephone surveys being the most cost-effective option per participant.

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Area of Science:

  • Community Health
  • Qualitative Research Methods
  • Primary Care Practice

Background:

  • Managed care evolution necessitates feasible community assessment methods for clinical practices.
  • Qualitative community assessments yield unique, clinically valuable data.
  • Community-oriented primary care benefits from practical assessment tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate practical qualitative community assessment methods for busy clinical settings.
  • To compare mail surveys, telephone surveys, and focus groups for data collection.
  • To analyze the characteristics, costs, and benefits of each assessment method.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative data collection via mail surveys, telephone surveys, and focus groups.
  • Assessment of data characteristics, costs, advantages, and disadvantages for each method.

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  • Study conducted in a low-income community using practical approaches.

    • Main Results:

    • All methods yielded similar themes, with response range and emotional content varying by approach.
    • Clinically useful qualitative data were obtained, acknowledging potential biases.
    • Telephone surveys were the least expensive per enrolled subject, with costs varying up to 50%.

    Conclusions:

    • The evaluated methods are potentially feasible for busy clinical practices.
    • Practices must define objectives and available resources before selecting a method.
    • Careful consideration of method suitability is crucial for effective community assessment.