Related Experiment Videos
Changing epidemiology of group B streptococcal colonization
M E Hickman1, M A Rench, P Ferrieri
1Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Pediatrics
|August 3, 1999
Summary
Maternal intrapartum antibiotics significantly reduced group B streptococci (GBS) transmission to neonates. Serotype Ia became predominant, with type V also common, highlighting epidemiological shifts in GBS colonization.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal infectious diseases
- Microbiology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Group B streptococci (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal infections.
- Understanding GBS colonization and transmission is crucial for prevention strategies.
- Serotype distribution and influencing factors require ongoing investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify factors affecting vertical transmission and neonatal colonization of GBS.
- To determine the serotype distribution of GBS isolates, including novel types.
- To analyze GBS epidemiology across diverse ethnic and socioeconomic populations.
Main Methods:
- Prospective, cross-sectional study of neonates and their mothers.
- GBS cultures from neonates (throat, umbilicus, rectum) at 24-48 hours of life.
- Serotyping of GBS isolates based on capsular polysaccharide (I-VIII) and C protein antigens.
Main Results:
- Maternal GBS colonization was 28%, higher in Black and Hispanic women.
- Vertical transmission was significantly reduced by intrapartum antibiotics, early membrane rupture, and cesarean delivery.
- Neonatal GBS colonization was 13.8%, primarily acquired vertically.
- Serotype Ia predominated in neonates, followed by types II, III, and V.
- Whites showed a higher prevalence of type V GBS compared to Blacks.
Conclusions:
- Maternal intrapartum antibiotics are associated with diminished GBS colonization rates.
- A shift in GBS serotype prevalence is observed, with Ia as predominant.
- Types II, III, and V are common GBS serotypes in neonates, indicating evolving epidemiology.