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Prevention and harm reduction for chemical dependency: a process perspective.

C C DiClemente1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore 21250, USA.

Clinical Psychology Review
|August 3, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Clinical psychology can significantly aid substance abuse prevention. Psychologists can play a vital role in preventing chemical dependency through improved training and a process-oriented approach.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Addiction Science

Background:

  • Clinical psychology's role in substance abuse prevention is currently limited.
  • Substance abuse and chemical dependency present significant public health challenges.
  • Psychologists frequently encounter the precursors and consequences of substance abuse.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the current state of prevention research and practice in substance abuse.
  • To outline a process model for understanding drug use initiation and cessation.
  • To propose enhanced roles for clinical psychology in preventing chemical dependency.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current prevention research and practices.
  • Development of a process-oriented perspective on substance use.

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  • Conceptual framework for psychological involvement in prevention.

    • Main Results:

    • Clinical psychology possesses the potential for greater involvement in substance abuse prevention.
    • A process perspective can guide psychological interventions for substance abuse.
    • Psychologists' biopsychosocial orientation is well-suited for prevention efforts.

    Conclusions:

    • Psychology can be instrumental in primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of chemical dependency.
    • Enhanced training and awareness can empower psychologists in addiction prevention.
    • Psychologists can contribute to early intervention, treatment, and harm reduction for substance abuse.