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Related Experiment Videos

Escape from the acute Wolff-Chaikoff effect is associated with a decrease in thyroid sodium/iodide symporter

P H Eng1, G R Cardona, S L Fang

  • 1Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. eng@rascal.med.harvard.edu

Endocrinology
|August 5, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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High iodide levels reduce thyroid iodide uptake by decreasing sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) mRNA and protein. This mechanism explains the escape from the acute Wolff-Chaikoff effect and may contribute to hypothyroidism.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Thyroid Physiology

Background:

  • The Wolff-Chaikoff effect describes reduced thyroid iodide organification with elevated plasma iodide.
  • Escape from this effect involves decreased iodide transport into the thyroid.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms underlying this escape remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) in the Wolff-Chaikoff effect escape.
  • To determine the impact of acute and chronic iodide excess on NIS mRNA and protein levels in rat thyroids.
  • To explore potential transcriptional regulation of NIS and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) under iodide excess.

Main Methods:

  • Rats received chronic (1-6 days) or acute iodide administration.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Thyroid NIS, TSH receptor, TPO, and thyroglobulin mRNA levels were measured using Northern blotting.
  • Thyroid NIS protein levels were assessed via Western blotting; serum hormone levels were also analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Chronic and acute iodide excess significantly decreased both NIS mRNA and protein levels.
    • NIS mRNA reduction preceded protein reduction in acute iodide administration.
    • Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) mRNA also decreased, particularly with chronic iodide exposure.

    Conclusions:

    • Iodide administration downregulates sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) expression at both mRNA and protein levels, likely via transcriptional mechanisms.
    • Reduced NIS expression and subsequent decreased iodide transport explain the escape from the acute Wolff-Chaikoff effect.
    • Decreased TPO mRNA may contribute to iodine-induced hypothyroidism observed in certain thyroid conditions.