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Idiopathic pinealitis. Case report.

D C Nikas1, U De Girolami, A A Zamani

  • 1Neurosurgical Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. dnikas@rics.bwh.harvard.edu

Journal of Neurosurgery
|August 5, 1999
PubMed
Summary

A rare case of chronic inflammation mimicking a pineal tumor caused a 63-year-old man to feel like falling. Surgical resection revealed inflammatory cells, not neoplasia, resolving his symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Pineal region masses can present with varied neurological symptoms.
  • Differentiating inflammatory lesions from neoplastic processes in the pineal gland is critical for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Observation:

  • A 63-year-old male presented with a 3-month history of a "feeling of falling backward."
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an enhancing mass in the posterior third ventricle.
  • Surgical exploration identified a diffusely enlarged pineal gland.

Findings:

  • Histopathological examination of the resected pineal lesion showed a dense chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate, including T and B lymphocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, and mast cells.
  • Immunoperoxidase studies and microbial searches were negative for neoplastic cells, Langerhans cells, or microorganisms.

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  • The lesion was definitively characterized as a non-neoplastic inflammatory process.
  • Implications:

    • This case highlights the importance of considering inflammatory conditions in the differential diagnosis of pineal region masses.
    • Accurate histopathological analysis is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis of neoplastic disease.
    • Successful resection of the inflammatory mass led to an uneventful postoperative course, suggesting inflammatory lesions are treatable.