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Effect of bone quality on the forces generated by compression screws.

K J Faran1, N Ichioka, M A Trzeciak

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA.

Journal of Biomechanics
|August 5, 1999
PubMed
Summary

The Acutrak headless screw generated higher compressive forces than the Herbert screw in cadaveric bone samples. Acutrak screw performance correlated with bone mineral density, suggesting greater predictability and effectiveness, especially in younger patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomechanical engineering
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Internal fixation of scaphoid fractures aims to promote bone union and reduce wrist immobilization.
  • Headless screws are preferred for minimizing articular interference and tissue irritation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the compressive forces generated by two headless screw types (Herbert and Acutrak) in relation to bone quality.
  • To evaluate the correlation between screw fixation force and bone mineral density (BMD) and density.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-seven human cadaveric distal femur cancellous bone samples were used.
  • Compressive forces were measured as Herbert and Acutrak headless screws were advanced into bone specimens.
  • Forces were correlated with bone mineral density (BMD) and bone density.

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Main Results:

  • The Acutrak screw generated approximately 42% higher average compressive force than the Herbert screw.
  • Acutrak screw's compressive force showed a strong correlation with BMD and bone density, fitting second-order polynomial models.
  • No significant correlation was found between compressive force and BMD or density for the Herbert screw.

Conclusions:

  • The Acutrak screw may offer a more predictable and effective fixation system due to its correlation with bone density.
  • The Acutrak screw's ability to generate greater forces with increasing bone density suggests potential advantages for younger patient populations with higher bone density.